Application Notes
- Application Note 101: [PDF~91.2 kB] Distributing Timing Signals in a High-EMI Environment
- Application Note 102: [PDF~24.5 kB] Synchronizing End-to-End Relay Testing with the Model 1088B Satellite-Controlled Clock
- Application Note 103: [PDF~15.6 kB] Large Format Displays for Use With Arbiter Systems' GPS Satellite-Controlled Clocks
- Application Note 110: [PDF~25.0 kB] Low-Level AC Current Measurement Performance of the Model 931A Power System Analyzer
- Application Note 113: [PDF~88.5 kB] Using Clamp-On Current Transformers with Arbiter Power Analyzers
Synchrophasor White Papers and Test Results
GPS/Timing White Papers
- NERC BAL-005, R17 compliance: Power System Time, Frequency, and Phase Monitor [PDF~12.3 kB] Read about the continually calibrated - no user calibration required operation of the Option 28 in the GPS satellite controlled clocks.
- FERC/NERC BAL-005, R17 compliance: Power System Time, Frequency, and Phase Monitor in PDF Read about the continually calibrated - no user calibration required operation of the Option 28 in the GPS satellite controlled clocks.
- NERC PRC-018 compliance: Time accuracy of Disturbance Monitoring Equipment Installation and Data Reporting [PDF~75.1 kB] Read how GPS clocks manufactured by Arbiter Systems, Inc. provide UTC time in accordance with this requirement. The accuracy of clock timecode outputs (IRIG-B, 1 PPS, and NTP) varies by model and choice of timecode, but always exceeds NERC requirements.
- NERC PRC-018 compliance: Time accuracy of Disturbance Monitoring Equipment Installation and Data Reporting in PDF Read how GPS clocks manufactured by Arbiter Systems, Inc. provide UTC time in accordance with this requirement. The accuracy of clock timecode outputs (IRIG-B, 1 PPS, and NTP) varies by model and choice of timecode, but always exceeds NERC requirements.
- Time in the Power Industry [PDF~406.8 kB] How and why we use time in the power industry.
- Time in the Power Industry in PDF How and why we use time in the power industry.
- GPS Substation Clock Requirements. [PDF~24.9 kB] What degree of accuracy is really required? Read this white paper for the answer.
- GPS Substation Clock Requirements in PDF. What degree of accuracy is really required? Read this white paper for the answer.
- Why GPS Clocks Are Not Free. [PDF~11.8 kB] Think you know why? Read this white paper for the answer.
- Why GPS Clocks Are Not Free in PDF. Think you know why? Read this white paper for the answer.
- IRIG-B Time Code Accuracy and Connection Requirements with comments on IED and system design considerations. [PDF~31.4 kB] This paper covers two issues: 1. What you need to do to get good IRIG-B performance in the substation. 2. What the IED manufacturer should consider for minimum system problems.
- IRIG-B Time Code Accuracy and Connection Requirements with comments on IED and system design considerations. PDF. This paper covers two issues: 1. What you need to do to get good IRIG-B performance in the substation. 2. What the IED manufacturer should consider for minimum system problems.
- !!GPS Week 1024 and Year 2000 Compliance!!!!GPS Week 1024 and Year 2000 Compliance!!
- Summary of IRIG-B signals available on the Arbiter clocks. [PDF~26.6 kB]
- Summary of IRIG-B signals available on the Arbiter clocks in PDF.
- The complete IRIG specification (IRIG STANDARD 200-04) [PDF~2.5 MB]
